ASIGNACIÓN Y RETORNO DE HABILIDADES EN EL MERCADO LABORAL EN MÉXICO
ASSIGNMENT AND RETURN OF SKILLS IN THE LABOR MARKET IN MEXICO
Abstract
The levels of schooling in Mexico are increasingly higher. However, the labor market is becoming more selective in hiring workers. In addition to formal education, other factors such as intellectual ability, discipline, and other personal attributes are important. Currently, there are few studies on the effects of skills in the Mexican labor market, so the contribution of this work is to analyze how the allocation and performance of the skills of Mexican workers by occupation is carried out. Simple models of self-selection are estimated between two large groups of occupations based on the skills of the worker as proposed by Roy (1951). Among the results, it is found that in the selection processes in the occupations that require more qualified personnel academic training and cognitive abilities are valued, independently of gender. Moreover, the cognitive capacity of individuals does have an effect on their salaries regardless of schooling. Although the educational levels of workers are increasing, it must be ensured that education includes competencies that allow their development in the labor market, such as arithmetic analysis, abstraction capacity and logical reasoning.
Key words: human capital, skills, cognitive abilities, occupation, gender, wage gaps.
JEL Classification: J24, J31
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